Life-Cycle Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash Recycling as a Feedstock for Brick Manufacturing

The recovery of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is currently considered to be the most viable solution for its management. However, in developing resource technologies, it crucial consider overall environmental impact. This study employed a life-cycle assessment (LCA) compare environmentally friendly red bricks partially utilizing MSWI as raw material with conventional bricks. results demonstrate that use phosphoric acid during process imposes significant burden, followed by electricity consumption. To address this issue, study, we simulated replacement monohydrate recovered from discarded fire extinguishers, resulting production second-generation analysis revealed exhibited mere 5.52% increase total impact compared traditional Moreover, stabilizing heavy metals using monohydrate, achieved an 8.75% reduction relative These findings highlight benefits reuse brick production, and incorporation other industrial or byproducts could further enhance efficacy. application LCA facilitated identification key areas improvement enabled precise evaluation associated reuse.